Microbiology

Chapter 24

 

Question 1

From where do most DNA viruses assemble and bud?

     A) Cytoplasm

     B) Golgi apparatus

     C) Nucleus

     D) Mitochondria

     E) Endoplasmic reticulum

 

Question 2

From where do most RNA viruses assemble and release?

     A) Cytoplasm

     B) Golgi apparatus

     C) Nucleus

     D) Mitochondria

     E) Endoplasmic reticulum

 

Question 3

What term describes a virus that crosses the placenta from an infected mother to cause permanent defects in the embryo or fetus?

     A) Zoonotic

     B) Teratogenic

     C) Oncogenic

     D) Cytopathic

     E) Virulent

 

Question 4

Which statement regarding the poxviruses is incorrect?

     A) They are the largest and most complex of all the animal viruses.

     B) They lack the usual nucleocapsid found in other viruses.

     C) They multiply in the cytoplasm.

     D) They are non-enveloped DNA viruses.

E) Their sites of multiplication within infected cells appear as inclusion bodies.

 

Question 5

Which is the causative agent of smallpox?

     A) Ebola virus

     B) Herpes virus

     C) Vaccinia virus

     D) Monkeypox virus

     E) Variola virus

 

Question 6

When did the last naturally occurring case of smallpox occur?

     A) 2003

     B) 1995

     C) 1977

     D) 1950

     E) 1918

 

Question 7

What type of vaccine is the current smallpox vaccine?

     A) Acellular

     B) Toxoid

     C) Attenuated

     D) Live

     E) Recombinant

 

Question 8

Smallpox can be spread by both exposure to skin scabs and by what other method?

     A) Bites from infected insects

     B) Fecal-oral route

     C) Respiratory route

     D) Sexual transmission

     E) Bites from infected animals

 

Question 9

What poxvirus caused the June 2003 outbreak of disease in the Midwestern United States?

     A) Cowpox

     B) Prairie dog pox

     C) Ratpox

     D) Monkeypox

     E) Mousepox

 

Question 10

Which statement regarding the herpesvirus family is incorrect?

     A) They replicate in the host cell cytoplasm.

     B) They tend to be latent viruses and cause recurrent infections.

     C) They are enveloped viruses.

     D) Chickenpox and roseola are caused by herpesviruses.

E) They commonly cause infections in immunocompromised individuals.

 

Question 11

What herpesvirus is the causative agent of genital infections?

     A) Cytomegalovirus

     B) Herpes simplex-2

     C) Epstein-Barr virus

     D) Herpes simplex-1

     E) Varicella zoster

 

Question 12

Which of the following stimuli does not trigger a recurrence of a herpes simplex virus infection?

     A) Exposure to cold air

     B) Fever

     C) Mechanical injury

     D) Exposure to UV radiation

     E) Stress

 

Question 13

What are the targets for herpes simplex viruses?

     A) Neurons

     B) Epidermis

     C) Hepatocytes

     D) Meninges

     E) Mucous membranes

 

Question 14

Healthcare workers may develop what type of herpes lesion if they touch patients or patients' secretions without hand protection?

     A) Cold sores

     B) Herpetic keratitis

     C) Genital herpes

     D) A "cigarette burn" pattern of infection

     E) A herpetic whitlow

 

Question 15

What organism causes the most common sporadic form of viral encephalitis in the United States?

     A) Rabies virus

     B) Herpes simplex virus

     C) Smallpox

     D) Neisseria meningitidis

     E) Varicella-zoster

 

Question 16

What antiviral agent is highly specific for herpes simplex viruses?

     A) Valacyclovir

     B) Interferon

     C) Acyclovir

     D) Ganicyclovir

     E) Foscarnet

 

Question 17

What is the portal of entry for varicella-zoster virus?

     A) Respiratory epithelium

     B) Mouth

     C) Conjunctiva

     D) Fecal-oral

     E) The genitourinary tract

 

Question 18

When are people infected with varicella-zoster virus most contagious?

     A) 1-2 days prior to the development of the rash

     B) When the rash appears

     C) When the skin lesions become itchy

     D) When the lesions become encrusted

     E) When the scabs fall off

 

Question 19

What group tends to develop a more virulent form of cytomegalovirus infection?

     A) Women of childbearing age

     B) Young adults

     C) IV drug abusers

     D) Male homosexuals

     E) Newborns

 

Question 20

Both Burkitt lymphoma and infectious mononucleosis are caused by what virus?

     A) Cytomegalovirus

     B) Epstein-Barr virus

     C) Varicella-zoster virus

     D) Herpes simplex-1

     E) Adenovirus

 

Question 21

Where is the niche for Epstein-Barr virus in humans?

     A) Respiratory epithelium

     B) Thoracic nerves

     C) Liver

     D) Lymphoid tissue and salivary glands

     E) Conjunctiva

 

Question 22

Patients experiencing chronic fatigue syndrome display all but which of the following symptoms?

     A) Disabling fatigue

     B) Abnormal levels of CD4 T cells

     C) Low levels of NK cells

     D) Underactive inflammatory response

     E) Enlarged lymph nodes

 

Question 23

Which of the following DNA viruses causes the most common form of hepatitis?

     A) Hepatitis A virus

     B) Hepatitis B virus

     C) Hepatitis C virus

     D) Hepatitis D virus

     E) Hepatitis E virus

 

Question 24

What group is not at risk for contracting hepatitis B virus?

     A) Healthcare workers

     B) Drug addicts

     C) Teachers

     D) Homosexual males

     E) Sexually promiscuous individuals

 

Question 25

What is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States?

     A) Gonorrhea

     B) Syphilis

     C) Human papillomavirus

     D) Chlamydia

     E) AIDS