Microbiology

Chapter 26

Question 1

Which of the following is not a major subdivision of the biosphere?

A) Hydrosphere

B) Lithosphere

C) Stratosphere

D) Atmosphere

Question 2

A/an ______ is defined as a collection of populations sharing a given habitat.

A) Biosphere

B) Community

C) Biome

D) Ecosystem

Question 3

What is the function of a sparger in a fermentor?

A) To aerate

B) To vigorously stir

C) To add nutrients

D) To measure the temperature

Question 4

Photosynthetic organisms convert the energy of ______ into chemical energy.

A) Electrons

B) Protons

C) Photons

D) Hydrogen atoms

Question 5

Which of the following is considered a greenhouse gas?

A) Carbon dioxide

B) Methane

C) Nitrous oxide

D) All of these

Question 6

The Calvin cycle operates during which part of photosynthesis?

A) Only the light reaction

B) Only the dark reaction

C) Both light and dark reactions

D) Only photosystem I

Question 7

Root nodules contain ______, which can _______.

A) Azotobacter, fix N2

B) Nitrosomonas, nitrify NH3

C) Rhizobia, fix N2

D) Bacillus, denitrify NO3

Question 8

Which elements have an inorganic reservoir that exists primarily in sedimentary deposits?

A) Nitrogen

B) Phosphorus

C) Sulfur

D) B and C

Question 9

The floating assemblage of microbes, plants, and animals that drifts on or near the surface of large bodies of water is the _______ community.

A) Abyssal

B) Benthic

C) Littoral

D) Plankton

Question 10

An oligotrophic ecosystem would be most likely to exist in a/an

A) Ocean

B) High mountain lake

C) Tropical pond

D) Polluted river

Question 11

Which of the following liquors is mismatched with its starting substrate?

A) rye whiskey - rye mash

B) vodka - potatoes

C) rum - apricot wine

D) bourbon - corn

Question 12

Which of the following would be least accurate in detecting coliform bacteria in a water sample?

A) The presumptive MPN test

B) The standard plate count

C) The membrane filter method

D) The confirmatory MPN test

Question 13

Milk is usually pasteurized by

A) The high-temperature short-time method

B) Ultrapasteurization

C) Batch method

D) Electrical currents

Question 14

The dried, presprouted grain that is soaked to activate enzymes for beer is

A) Hops

B) Malt

C) Wort

D) Mash

Question 15

Which is incorrect regarding food irradiation?

A) It is approved in the U.S. for sterilizing beef, pork, and poultry.

B) It increases the shelf life if perishable goods.

C) The type of radiation used is ultraviolet radiation.

D) Workers are protected from the radiation source.

Question 16

Which of the following is added to facilitate milk curdling during cheese making?

A) Lactic acid

B) Salt

C) Lactobacillus

D) Rennin

Question 17

Most drinking water comes from all of the following except:

A) Wells

B) Springs

C) Aquifers

D) Rivers

Question 18

Secondary metabolites of microbes are formed during the _____ phase of growth.

A) Exponential

B) Stationary

C) Death

D) Lag

Question 19

During which phase in water sewage treatment is natural bioremediation occurring?

A) Primary phase

B) Secondary phase

C) Tertiary phase

D) Final phase

Question 20

When brewing beer, what is the clear fluid called that is boiled with the hops?

A) Mash

B) Malt

C) Wort

D) Ethanol

Question 21

Which of the following is a food intoxication?

A) Shigellosis

B) Listerosis

C) Salmonellosis

D) Campylobacteriosis

E) Staphylococcal enteritis

Question 22

Which bacteria has been found in 10% of powdered infant formula and has been linked to several fatal outbreaks of meningitis in children's hospitals?

A) Bacillus cereus

B) Clostridium botulinum

C) Enterobacter sakazakii

D) Listeria monocytogenes

Question 23

Which of the following is not recycled in an ecosystem?

A) Nitrogen

B) Sulfur

C) Carbon

D) Energy

Question 24

In photosynthesis, when does the release of oxygen occur?

A) When photolysis occurs in the light reactions.

B) When carbon dioxide combines with ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP).

C) During photophosphorylation.

D) When NADPH and ATP are fed into the Calvin Cycle

Question 25

Which preservative is used to prevent the growth of mold in dried fruits, juices, and wines?

A) Nitrites

B) Sulfite

C) Salt

D) Ethylene oxide