Microbiology Test #1 NAME______________________________
Chapters 1-4&6
September 19, 2005
If any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask of God who gives to all liberally, but let him ask in faith. James 1:5
There are eight levels of classification for all living things starting with “domain” and ending with “species,” list those in between. 0.5pts each
Domain
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Species
1. Which domain contains procaryotes?
A) Archaea
B) Eukarya
C) Bacteria
D) Plantae
2. Which of the below is the correct writing of the scientific name for the famous orange bread mold that infected French bakeries?
A) Neurospora crassa
B) NEUROSPORA CRASSA
C) Neurospora Crassa
D) Neurospora crassa
E) Neurospora Crassa
3. The term used to describe a microorganism that causes a disease is _________________.
A) microbe
B) bug
C) bacteria
D) virus
E) pathogen
4. The microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are called:
A) archaea
B) procaryotes
C) pathogens
D) eucaryotes
E) microbe
5. Which of the following is a reason to study microorganisms?
A) They are decomposers of dead material
B) They are the most abundant organisms on earth
C) They provide nitrogen to us all
D) They cause disease
E) All of the above
6. Which of the following is not a process in the scientific method?
A) belief in a preconceived idea
B) formulate a hypothesis
C) systematic observation
D) laboratory experimentation
E) development of a theory
7. Joe Scientist has made the discovery of a lifetime – a new cologne that smells like money – it should attract women like flies! He wants to test its effects. He decides to try his invention by putting it on immediately after a shower. He will compare the response he gets from women with this method to the response he gets when he doesn’t shower and doesn’t wear the miracle cologne. Is this a good experimental approach? In one sentence tell me why or why not.
8. The subatomic particles that fly around the nucleus are:
A) electrons
B) protons
C) neutrons
D) protons and neutrons
E) protons and electrons
9. Cations are
A) charged subatomic particles
B) atoms that have lost electrons
C) radioactive isotopes
D) atoms with extra neutrons
10. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in their:
A) neutron number
B) electron number
C) proton number
D) chemical properties
Write the name of the element that correlates with the correct description. 1pt each
Carbon oxygen nitrogen hydrogen
___________________ backbone of organic molecules
___________________ component of proteins and nucleic acids
___________________ component of water and all organic molecules
___________________ component of carbohydrates and water, needed for respiration
11. The three main bond types include all EXCEPT:
A) covalent
B) molecular
C) ionic
D) hydrogen
12. A solution of pH 7 compared to a solution of pH 9:
A) is more basic
B)
has no
C) has more H+ ions
D) has a higher pH
13. Which of the following is NOT an amphipathic molecule?
A) detergent
B) phospholipid
C) glucose
14. All of the following are considered lipids except:
A) cholesterol
B) starch
C) phospholipid
D) triglyceride
15. Label the parts of the nucleotide appropriately:
sugar nitrogenous base phosphate
Finish the rest of the table 8pts
|
Organic Molecule |
Monomer |
Polymer |
Bond type between monomers |
|
|
sugar/monosaccharide |
|
glycosidic |
|
|
fatty acid & glycerol |
di& tri glycerides |
|
|
proteins |
|
polypeptides |
|
|
|
nucleotides |
|
phosphodiester |
16. Which of the following would have glycosidic bonds?
A) triglycerides
B) saccharides
C) polypeptides
D) polysaccharides
E) ATP
17. What part of a phospholipid forms hydrophobic tails?
A) fatty acids
B) glycerol
C) phosphate
D) alcohol
18. An amino acid is made of three repeating atoms N-C-C. In the polypeptide below indicate where the variable side groups (R) would attach and where the peptide bonds would be
N – C – C – N – C – C – N – C – C
19. Knowing what you do about terms in biology, what could the imaginary word aminoglycology mean?
A) The study of nucleic acids and proteins
B) The study of proteins and lipids
C) The study of proteins and carbohydrates
D) The study of lipids and nucleic acids
20. The Five I's of studying microorganisms include all of the following except:
A) inoculation
B) incubation
C) infection
D) isolation
E) identification
21. The term that refers to the purposeful addition of microorganisms into a nutrient medium is:
A) isolation
B) inoculation
C) immunization
D) infection
E) contamination
22. Which of the following characteristics refers to the microscope's ability to show two separate entities as separate and distinct?
A) resolving power
B) magnification
C) refraction
23. The type of microscope in which you would see brightly illuminated specimens against a black background is:
A) bright- field
B) dark-field
C) phase-contrast
D) fluorescence
E) electron
24. This microscope does not use light in forming the image:
A) bright- field
B) dark-field
C) phase-contrast
D) fluorescence
E) electron
25. This microscope is the most widely used and shows cells against a bright background:
A) bright- field
B) dark-field
C) phase-contrast
D) fluorescence
E) electron
26. Bacterial cells could have any of the following appendages except:
A) flagella
B) cilia
C) fimbriae
D) sex pili
27. The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering to surfaces are called:
A) flagella
B) cilia
C) fimbriae
D) sex pili
28. The transfer of genetic material from one cell to another during bacterial conjugation involves rigid, tubular appendages called:
A) flagella
B) cilia
C) fimbriae
D) sex pili
29. All bacterial cells have:
A) DNA - genetic material
B) fimbriae
C) endospores
D) capsules
E) flagella
30. The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is:
A) amphitrichous
B) lophotrichous
C) monotrichous
D) peritrichous
31. The outcome of the Gram stain is based on differences in the cell's:
A) ribosomes
B) inclusions
C) cell wall
D) flagella
32. The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be:
A) material would not be able to cross the cell membrane
B) protein synthesis would stop
C) destruction of the cell's DNA
D) loss of capsule
33. If bacteria living in salty seawater were displaced to a freshwater environment, the cell structure that would prevent the cells from rupturing is:
A) cell wall
B) cell membrane
C) capsule
D) slime layer
34. There are three main bacterial shapes, quickly sketch and name them. 3pts
35. Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial:
A) cell membranes
B) cell walls
C) capsules
D) slime layers
E) inclusions
36. The bacterial chromosome:
A) is located in the cell membrane
B) is in the nucleus
C) is usually circular
D) forms a linear strand of DNA
37. The function of bacterial endospores is:
A) enable to cell to adhere to surfaces
B) increase the surface area of the cell membrane
C) protection of genetic material during harsh conditions
D) storage of excess cell materials
Protein Structure primary 1o secondary 2o tertiary 3o quartinary 4o 1pt each
_________________ is how the α helices and β sheets interact with each other
_________________ is multiple proteins interacting with each other
_________________ is the sequence of amino acids
_________________ is made of α helices, β sheets, or loops
38. All of the following are processes that define life except:
A) ability to invade host cells
B) growth
C) reproduction and heredity
D) metabolism
E) movement and/or response to environment
39. Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of microorganisms?
A) cause human disease
B) lack a membrane enclosed nucleus
C) cannot be seen without a microscope
D) contain genetic material
E) lack cell structure
40. Which of the following is not found in all viruses:
A) nucleic acid
B) protein
C) envelope
D) capsid
EXTRA CREDIT 3pts
List the five steps in the cycle of bacteriaphage infection