Microbiology Test # 4

Chapters 17-21

November 16

 

 

Love your enemies, and pray for those who persecute you.  Matthew 5:44

 

 

 

  1. Which hypersensitivity of the immune system is responsible for hay fever and asthma, as well as sudden allergies (such as to peanuts) that could immediately block airways?

A)    Type I hypersensitivity

B)     Type II hypersensitivity

C)    Type III hypersensitivity

D)    Type IV hypersensitivity

 

  1. All species of Staphylococcus:

A)    lack spores

B)     are motile

C)    have capsules

D)    produce coagulase

E)     all of the choices are correct

 

  1. The enzyme that coagulates (clots) plasma is:

A)    catalase

B)     coagulase

C)    hyaluronidase

D)    staphylokinase

E)     DNase

 

  1. The toxin of Staphylococcus aureus strains that causes the separation of the epidermal from the dermal skin layers in scalded skin syndrome (SSS) is:

A)    enterotoxin

B)     hemolysin

C)    toxic shock syndrome toxin

D)    exfoliative toxin

E)     erythrogenic toxin

 

  1. Strep throat is caused by strains of:

A)     Staphylococcus aureus

B)     Staphylococcus epidermidis

C)    Streptococcus pyogenes

D)    Streptococcus agalactiae

 

  1. This pathogen is the most common cause of neonatal pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis in the United States; it can be transferred to babies during delivery; pregnant women are screened for this:

A)     Staphylococcus aureus

B)     Staphylococcus epidermidis

C)    Streptococcus pyogenes

D)    Streptococcus agalactiae

 

  1. Staphylococci can be differentiated from streptococci by the:

A)    Gram stain

B)     coagulase test

C)    catalase test

D)    fermentation of mannitol

E)     none of the choices are correct

 

  1. Rebecca Lancefield differentiated streptococci on the basis of differences in their:

A)    cell wall carbohydrates in a serological test

B)     patterns of hemolysis on blood agar

C)    ability to produce catalase

D)    gram stain appearance

E)     all of the choices are correct

 

  1. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is:

A)    the cause of gonorrhea

B)     called the gonococcus

C)    virulent due to pili, and a protease that inactivates IgA

D)    all of the choices are correct

 

  1. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is transmitted

A)    through aerosolized droplets

B)     through puncture of the skin

C)    by consuming fecally contaminated food or water

D)    sexually

 

  1. Local Staphylococcus aureus infections often involve formation of an abscess (boil). 1 pt

A)    True

B)     False

 

 

 

Fill in the blank:  1 pt each

 

  1. Streptococcus agalactiae is known as Group _______ streptococci.

 

  1. The viridans group of streptococci and the pneumococcus produce _______ hemolysis on blood agar.

 

 

 

 

  1. Characteristics of Bacillus anthracis include all the following except :

A)    anaerobic

B)     reservoir includes infected grazing animals and contaminated soil

C)    gram positive bacillus

D)    sporeformer

 

  1. Which form of anthrax involves a black eschar on the skin?

A)    pulmonary

B)     gastrointestinal

C)    cutaneous

  1. The traumatic injury disease that involves neurotoxin is:

A)    gastrointestinal anthrax

B)     Bacillus cereus intoxication

C)    tetnus

D)    Clostridium perfringens gastroenteritis

 

  1. This organism can infect deeper wound sites and produce exotoxins, enzymes and gas that cause tissue and muscle necrosis (death):

A)     Clostridium botulinum

B)     Clostridium perfringens

C)    Clostridium difficile

D)    Clostridium tetani

 

  1. Which species produces a toxin that is being used to prevent wrinkles?

A)     Clostridium botulinum

B)     Clostridium perfringens

C)    Clostridium difficile

D)    Clostridium tetani

 

  1. Mycobacterium species cause:

A)    diphtheria

B)     acnes

C)    pneumonia and meningitis

D)    leprosy and tuberculosis

 

  1. All of the following pertain to Listeria monocytogenes except:

A)    gram positive

B)     sporeformer

C)    contaminant of dairy products, meats, poultry, “fresh” unpasteurized cheeses

D)    causes foodborne listeriosis

E)     cold enrichment improves recovery in the lab

 

  1. Formation of a pseudomembrane in the back of the throat is seen in:

A)    diphtheria

B)     tetnus

C)    tuberculosis

D)    botulism

 

  1. Mycobacterium:

A)    produces several virulence factor enzymes and an exotoxin

B)     can have a cord factor that prevents destruction by phagocytosis

C)    can be transmitted by contaminated raw milk

D)    has a capsule

E)     lives in the soil

 

  1. A diagnosis of tuberculosis involves:

A)    tuberculin skin test

B)     chest X-ray

C)    acid fast stain of sputum

D)    sputum culture

E)     all of the choices are correct

 

  1. Leprosy is a disease:

A)    of lung tissue

B)     that has been eradicated around the world

C)    caused by a pathogen that cannot be cultured in the lab

D)    caused by a sporeforming, gram-positive bacillus

 

  1. Debridement of diseased tissue is important in the care of patients with gas gangrene. 1 pt

A)    True

B)     False

 

  1. Which bacterium causes nosocomial infections (especially in burn victims), has a grapelike odor and a green-blue pigment?

A)    Bordetella pertussis

B)     Staphylococcus aureus

C)    Pseudomonas aeruginosa

D)    Francisella tularensis

 

  1. The causative agent of whooping cough is:

A)    Bordetella pertussis

B)     Staphylococcus aureus

C)    Pseudomonas aeruginosa

D)    Francisella tularensis

 

  1. This genus causes typoid fever, gastroenteritis and enteric fever

A)    Shigella

B)     Salmonella

C)    Proteus

D)    Yersinia

 

  1. Escherichia coli infections:

A)    are often transmitted by fecal contaminated water and food

B)     include urinary tract infections from normal flora strains

C)    involve enterotoxin in traveler's diarrhea

D)    all of the choices are correct

 

  1. What toxin is common to all gram negative bacilli?

A)    exotoxin

B)     H antigen

C)    K antigen

D)    endotoxin

 

  1. What is another name for the answer to the above question?

A)    flagella

B)     capsule

C)    shiga toxin

D)    LPS

 

  1. Coliform refers to:

A)    Non-lactose fermenters

B)     Lactose fermenters

C)    Pathogenic enterics

D)    Pathogenic non-enterics

  1. The family Enterobacteriaceae typically reside:

A)    in the respirtory tract

B)     in the urogenital tract

C)    in the gastrointestinal tract

D)    in the oral cavity

 

  1. Plague includes:

A)    septicemic form – called black plague

B)     bubonic form – buboes develop

C)    pneumonic form – sputum highly contagious

D)    all of the choices are correct

 

  1. Hemophilus species have unique characteristics including:

A)    “swarm” across the media with specialized flagella

B)     produce botulism toxin: butulin

C)    require blood products hemin and NAD

D)    are cocci that occur in chains

E)     are spore formers

 

  1. An agent of conjunctivitis (pinkeye) is:

A)     Haemophilus influenzae

B)     Haemophilus ducreyi

C)    Haemophilus aegyptius

D)    Haemophilus parainfluenzae

 

  1. Legionellosis is a zoonosis. 1 pt

A)    True

B)     False

 

  1. The member of the Enterobacteriaceae that has Enteroinvasive, Enterotoxigenic, Enteropathogenic, and Enterohemorrhagic strains is _____________________. (Remember your homework) 1 pt

 

  1. Treponema, Borrelia, and Leptospira are all:

A)    obligate parasites requiring host cells

B)     curved rods

C)    transmitted by arthropod vectors

D)    spirochetes

E)     bacteria without cell walls

 

 

 

 

Match the stages of syphilis with symptoms: 1 pt each

Primary                                     Secondary                               Tertiary

  1. Chancre on genitals______________________
  2. When gummas develop in tissues _______________________
  3. Fever, lymphadenopathy, and a rash _________________________

 

 

  1. Infected animals shed Leptospira interrogans in their:

A)    feces

B)     blood

C)    urine

D)    respiratory secretions

E)     saliva

 

  1. The causative agent of Lyme disease is:

A)     Ixodes scapularis

B)     Borrelia hermsii

C)    Borrelia burgdorferi

D)    Leptospira interrogans

 

  1. Which are NOT curved cells?

A)     Vibrio

B)     Campylobacter

C)    Helicobacter

D)    Mycoplasma

 

  1. The most immediate and important treatment needed to prevent death in Cholera victims is:

A)    water and electrolyte replacement

B)     antitoxin

C)    surgery

D)    rest

 

  1. An organism found in coastal waters that causes a self- limiting food infection and gastroenteritis due to a variety of contaminated raw and undercooked seafood is:

A)     Vibrio parahaemolyticus

B)     Vibrio cholerae

C)    Campylobacter jejuni

D)    Helicobacter pylori

 

  1. “Rice water stools” are associated with disease caused by this organism:

A)     Vibrio vulnificus

B)     Vibrio parahaemolyticus

C)    Vibrio cholerae

D)    Campylobacter jejuni

E)     Helicobacter pylori

 

  1. Helicobacter pylori causes:

A)    cholerae

B)     Q fever

C)    stomach ulcers

D)    cat scratch disease

 

  1. This bacterium causes trench fever, cat-scratch disease and effects AIDS patients

A)    Chlamydia

B)     Bartonella

C)    Mycoplasma

D)    Rickettsia

 

 

  1. The pathogenesis of rickettsial infections often involves infection of:

A)    endothelial lining of blood vessels

B)     gastrointestinal lining

C)    dermis of the skin

D)    stomach mucosa

E)     urinary tract

 

  1. Lymphogranuloma venereum is caused by:

A)     Chlamydia trachomatis

B)     Ureaplasma urealyticum

C)    Mycoplasma pneumonia

D)    Chlamydia psittaci

 

  1. Which is incorrect about Mycoplasma pneumoniae:

A)    has birds as a reservoir

B)     common cause of primary atypical pneumonia

C)    causes pneumonia and flu-like symptoms

D)    is a bacterial cell without a cell wall

 

  1. The spirochete of relapsing fever changes cell surface antigens many times in order to avoid destruction by the immune response.1 pt

A)    True

B)     False

 

 

 

 

EXTRA CREDIT 1 pt each

In severe cases of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, the enlarged lesions of the rash can become necrotic and predispose the patient to gangrene of toes and fingertips.

A)True

B)     False

 

Chlamydias and rickettsias are unusual bacteria because they do not have cell walls.

A) True

B) False